Understanding Fatty Lumps on Dogs: What They Feel Like and When to Worry

Fatty lumps, or lipomas, are one of the most common non-cancerous growths in dogs, particularly as they age. Pet owners often feel a sense of alarm when they discover these lumps, but most lipomas are benign. In this article, we’ll explore what these lumps feel like, how to distinguish them from other growths, and tips on when to consult a veterinarian.

1. What Are Fatty Lumps?

• Definition of Lipomas: Lipomas are soft, fatty deposits that form under the skin, usually in older or overweight dogs.
• Common Locations: Typically found on the torso, armpits, and limbs but can appear in various locations.
• Cause: Though exact causes aren’t fully known, they may be linked to age, breed, genetics, and weight.

2. The Feel of Fatty Lumps:

• Soft and Movable: Lipomas are generally soft and slightly squishy, feeling somewhat like a lump of dough under the skin. They’re easy to move with a gentle push, which often differentiates them from harder, less mobile growths.
• Not Painful: Unlike cysts or abscesses, lipomas are not painful unless they press on a nerve or joint.
• Consistent Texture: Lipomas usually feel the same throughout, with a homogenous, doughy texture.

3. Differences Between Lipomas and Other Types of Lumps:

• Cysts: Often firmer, cysts can be fluid-filled and sometimes have a central punctum, unlike the uniformity of a lipoma.
• Abscessos: These are usually painful and feel warm to the touch, often accompanied by redness.
• Crescimentos cancerosos: Malignant lumps can feel harder, are often fixed in place, and can grow quickly or irregularly. Tumors might feel irregular in shape or firm.
• Fibromas: These benign tumors feel firmer than lipomas and are less mobile but are usually harmless.

4. When Should You Worry?

• Growth Rate: If a lump grows quickly, changes shape, or becomes painful, it’s best to consult a vet immediately.
• Location Concerns: Lumps near joints or in areas that affect mobility may require removal or monitoring.
• Multiple Lumps: Multiple lipomas are common in some breeds, but if new lumps appear rapidly, consider a veterinary check.

5. Diagnosing Lipomas:

• Exame Veterinário: A vet can confirm if a lump is a lipoma through palpation.
• Aspiração por Agulha Fina (PAAF): For a more definitive diagnosis, FNA can collect cells from the lump for analysis, providing clarity on whether the lump is benign or requires further investigation.

6. Should Lipomas Be Removed?

• When Surgery is Needed: Generally, lipomas are left alone unless they cause discomfort, restrict movement, or grow excessively.
• Minimally Invasive Options: Newer methods, like liposuction or steroid injections, may help reduce lipomas in some cases.

7. Prevention and Health Tips for Reducing Lipomas:

• Mantenha um peso saudável: Obesity is a known risk factor for lipomas.
• Check-ups regulares: Regular vet visits allow for early detection and monitoring of any new growths.
• Balanced Diet and Exercise: A balanced diet and consistent exercise can help prevent obesity, which may reduce the likelihood of lipomas.

Conclusão: While fatty lumps in dogs can be concerning, they’re often harmless and easy to manage. By understanding the feel, causes, and symptoms of lipomas, dog owners can make informed decisions about their pet’s health. If you’re unsure about a lump on your dog, always seek professional advice for peace of mind.