Understanding True Cysts in Dogs: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

True cysts in dogs are fluid-filled sacs that develop under the skin and are usually benign. These cysts form when cells within the lining of the sac produce and secrete fluid, causing the lump to grow over time. While true cysts are generally harmless, they can become bothersome, depending on their size and location.

What Are True Cysts in Dogs?

True cysts are enclosed lumps that contain fluid secreted by the cells in their lining. Unlike some other types of cysts, which may be filled with semi-solid material, true cysts are filled primarily with fluid, making them soft and sometimes squishy to the touch. They can vary in size, from small, barely noticeable lumps to larger cysts that become more prominent over time.

These cysts can occur in any breed or age of dog, and while they are typically benign, they may need veterinary attention if they cause discomfort or begin to leak fluid.

Causes of True Cysts

True cysts in dogs are usually caused by a blockage in a gland or duct, leading to fluid accumulation. This blockage may occur due to:

• Trauma or irritation: Injury or repeated irritation to the skin can lead to cyst formation.
• Infections: Skin infections may block glands and ducts, contributing to cyst development.
• Genetics: Some breeds are more predisposed to developing cysts due to genetic factors.

Symptoms of True Cysts

True cysts are often easy to identify as they present as lumps beneath the skin. The most common symptoms include:

• Soft, fluid-filled lump: True cysts are typically soft or squishy, unlike tumors, which are usually firmer.
• Varying size: Cysts can grow over time, with some remaining small and others becoming larger and more noticeable.
• Fluid leakage: If punctured or damaged, a true cyst may leak fluid. This fluid can dry on the fur around the cyst, forming crusts.
• Discomfort: In some cases, the cyst may cause discomfort depending on its size and location. Cysts near joints or in areas where the dog is frequently touched may become bothersome.

Are True Cysts Harmful?

Most true cysts are not harmful to dogs. They are benign and generally do not pose any significant health risks. However, they can become problematic if they grow too large or are located in areas that cause discomfort to the dog. Additionally, if a cyst is punctured, it may become irritated or infected, leading to complications.

Treatment Options for True Cysts

In many cases, true cysts do not require any treatment and may be left alone unless they cause discomfort or complications. However, if a cyst becomes bothersome, there are several treatment options available:

1. Drenaż: A veterinarian may drain the cyst by puncturing it and removing the fluid. This is a simple procedure but may need to be repeated if the cyst refills.
2. Usuwanie chirurgiczne: For larger cysts or cysts that continue to refill, surgical removal may be the best option. The entire cyst, including the lining, is removed to prevent recurrence.
3. Antibiotics: If a cyst becomes infected, a veterinarian may prescribe antibiotics to reduce inflammation and prevent further complications.

Preventing Cyst Formation

While true cysts cannot always be prevented, regular grooming and skin care can help reduce the risk of irritation and blockages that lead to cyst formation. If your dog has a history of cysts, regular check-ups with the veterinarian can help monitor for any new growths and address them before they become problematic.

True cysts are common, fluid-filled lumps that can develop on dogs for various reasons, such as blocked glands or skin trauma. Although these cysts are generally harmless, they may cause discomfort if they grow large or leak fluid. If you notice a lump on your dog, it’s important to consult with your veterinarian to ensure proper diagnosis and treatment. In most cases, true cysts can be easily managed, allowing your dog to remain comfortable and healthy.