Treatment Options for Canine Ear Cancer: What Pet Owners Should Know

Ear cancer in dogs is a serious condition that often requires prompt treatment to prevent complications. While ear cancer is relatively uncommon, when it does occur, it can affect any part of the ear, including the pinna (outer ear flap), ear canal, middle ear, and inner ear. Knowing the available treatment options can help pet owners make informed decisions and improve their dog’s chances of recovery.

Surgical Treatments for Canine Ear Cancer

1. Partial or Total Pinnectomy
   When cancer affects the pinna, or outer ear flap, the most common treatment is a partial or total pinnectomy. In a partial pinnectomy, only the cancerous part of the ear flap is removed. If the tumor is more extensive, a total pinnectomy, which involves removing the entire ear flap, may be necessary. While the appearance of the ear will change, this procedure can prevent the cancer from spreading to other parts of the body.
2. Total Ear Canal Ablation with Lateral Bulla Osteotomy (TECA-LBO)
   When cancer affects the ear canal, a more involved surgical procedure, called total ear canal ablation with lateral bulla osteotomy (TECA-LBO), is often recommended. This surgery involves removing the entire ear canal and opening the bony structure at the base of the ear (the tympanic bulla) to remove infected or cancerous tissue. While this procedure may reduce the dog’s hearing in the affected ear, it can effectively eliminate the cancer and prevent further complications.

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Radiation therapy may be recommended for tumors that cannot be completely removed surgically or for tumors located in difficult-to-reach areas, such as the middle or inner ear. This therapy involves targeting the tumor with radiation to destroy cancerous cells. Radiation therapy is typically administered over multiple sessions, with each treatment requiring the dog to be anesthetized.

Chemotherapy for Metastatic Cancer

If the cancer has metastasized (spread to other parts of the body), chemotherapy may be an option. Chemotherapy involves the use of drugs to kill or slow the growth of cancer cells. While chemotherapy is often used alongside surgery or radiation therapy, it may also be used as a stand-alone treatment for more aggressive or widespread cancers.

Supportive Care for Dogs with Ear Cancer

In addition to surgical and non-surgical treatments, supportive care plays a critical role in managing ear cancer in dogs. After surgery, pain management is essential for ensuring a smooth recovery. Veterinarians will typically prescribe pain medications to keep your dog comfortable. Antibiotics may also be necessary to prevent or treat infections, especially after surgery.

When it comes to treating ear cancer in dogs, surgical removal of the tumor is often the first step. Depending on the location and severity of the cancer, additional treatments such as radiation therapy or chemotherapy may be required. If your dog has been diagnosed with ear cancer, consulting with your veterinarian about the best treatment plan is crucial for ensuring your pet’s health and well-being.