犬の嚢胞と腫瘍の主な違い

執筆者 TCMVET | 2024年9月20日 | 犬の癌と腫瘍

As a pet parent, discovering a lump on your dog can be concerning. These lumps can be either cysts or tumors, both of which present similarly but differ significantly in terms of severity and treatment. Recognizing the differences between cysts and tumors in dogs is crucial for determining the best course of action and ensuring your dog’s health.

What Are Cysts in Dogs?

Cysts are enclosed pockets of tissue that form within the skin and are typically filled with fluid or solid material. They are often discovered by pet owners while petting or brushing their dog. Cysts generally develop slowly over time, and they are usually benign, meaning they are not cancerous.

Most cysts feel soft and are somewhat movable under the skin, although some can feel firmer depending on their size and contents. While cysts are non-threatening, they can occasionally become infected or grow large enough to cause discomfort, which may require veterinary intervention.

What Are Tumors in Dogs?

Tumors, on the other hand, are abnormal growths of cells that can be either benign or malignant (cancerous). Tumors can appear anywhere on a dog’s body and, unlike cysts, tend to feel more solid and are less movable beneath the skin. The growth rate of tumors varies; some tumors grow quickly, while others may take time to develop.

Malignant tumors are the ones that pose a greater risk to a dog’s health. They can spread to other parts of the body and damage vital organs, which is why early detection and treatment are essential. Even benign tumors, though not cancerous, can cause issues if they grow too large or press on nearby organs.

Key Differences Between Cysts and Tumors

While cysts and tumors may look similar because they both protrude from the skin, they have important differences:

• Consistency: Cysts are generally softer and filled with fluid or material, while tumors tend to be solid and less movable.
• 成長速度： Cysts develop slowly over time, while tumors can grow at varying rates, some very rapidly.
• Cause: Cysts are benign, while tumors can be either benign or malignant.
• Risk: Cysts are not life-threatening, but tumors, especially malignant ones, can spread and become dangerous.

Why an Accurate Diagnosis is Crucial

Although cysts are typically harmless, it’s still important to have any lump or growth on your dog evaluated by a veterinarian. A proper diagnosis ensures that you’re aware of whether the growth is benign or something more serious. Vets may use tools such as fine-needle aspiration, biopsy, or imaging tests like ultrasounds to determine the nature of the lump.

Understanding whether your dog has a cyst or a tumor will guide the treatment plan. Cysts may be drained or surgically removed if they cause discomfort, but tumors—especially malignant ones—often require more aggressive treatment, such as surgery, radiation, or chemotherapy.

Treatment Options for Cysts vs. Tumors

• 嚢胞: Treatment for cysts is typically less invasive. In many cases, they may not need any treatment unless they become infected or uncomfortable. In such cases, they can be drained or surgically removed.
• Tumors: For benign tumors, removal may be an option if the tumor is large or causing issues. Malignant tumors, however, require more extensive treatment to prevent them from spreading. This can include surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy, depending on the type and stage of the cancer.

If you find a lump on your dog, it’s essential not to panic but to seek professional advice. While cysts are generally harmless and slow-growing, tumors can present a serious health risk, particularly if malignant. Consulting with your veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis is the best way to determine whether the lump is a cyst or a tumor, and to ensure your dog receives the appropriate treatment. Early detection and intervention are key to keeping your furry friend healthy and happy.